영어공부 - 3 | 자동사와 타동사 구분 암기 박살

문법 시험을 위한 자동사/타동사 구분은 암기 말고는 대책이 없다

유튜브 영상좀 찾아봤는데 다들 시험볼때는 답이 없단다

 

달달 외우자

# 자동사 (+ 전치사)

to	agree to	appeal to	belong to	conform to	lead to	react to
	reply to	return to	subscribe to	resort to	apologize to	attend to
	consent to	listen to	pertain to	refer to	speak to	respond to
with	agree with	comply with	contend with	deal with	interfere with	compete with
	proceed with	experiment with		cooperate with
for	account for	apologize for	ask for	care for	look for	wait for
	pay for
from	benefit from	graduate from	differ from	profit from	result from	suffer from
	refer from
of	consist of	beware of	dispose of	think of	approve of
at	arrive at	look at
on	focus on	rely on	count on	depend on	concentrate on

> pertain to: ~에 관련있다, (to be connected with a particular subject,)

> count on: 기대하다, 의지하다, 믿다 (to depend on someone or expect something)

> confrom to: 준수하다, ~에 따르다 (to obey a rule or reach the necessary stated standard)

> resort to: ~에 의지하다

(to do something that you do not want to do because you cannot find any other way of achieving something, 하기 싫지만 이거 말고는 수단이 없을 떄.)

> attend to: ~를 처리하다, 돕다 (to help someone or deal with something:)

> consent to: ~에 동의하다 (permission or aggrement)

> dispose of: 버리다, 제거하다 (to get ride of something or deal with something so that the matter is finished)

> dispose: ~에게 ~의 경향을 갖게하다 (to make someone feel a particular way toward someone else)

> refer to

1. 나타내다, 가리키다 (to relate to a particular person or thing)

- These figures refer only ot land for housing

2. 언급하다 (to talk or write about someone or something,)

- He always refers to the house as his "refuge"

 

+) refer someone/something to someone/something  : ~에게 보내다 (to send someone or something to a different place or person for help)

 

# 타동사

tell him	await her	oppose the idea	accompany her	resemble him
address the public	answer her	enter the room	contact me	obey her
discuss the idea	mention her	marry me	join the army	explain this
approach him	access the internet	contact me	regret the decision	call me
leave seoul	reach seoul	survived the fire	exceed the speed	appreciate you
inspect this area	raise your hands	consider this	attend the meeting	approve this idea

 

# 요주의 3단 변화 동사

자동사	타동사
lie[눕다, 놓여있다] | lie - lay - lain	lay[~를 눕히다, 놓다] | lay - laid - laid
lie[거짓말하다] | lie - lied - lied	-
sit[앉다] | sit - sat - sat	seat[~를 앉히다] | seat - seated - seated
rise[떠오르다] | rise - rose - risen	raise[~를 들어올리다] | raise - raised - raised

1. He had trouble falling asleep as he (lay / laid) in bed last night.

-> 동사 뒤에 전치사 in이 위치. 자동사 자리이다

-> last night이 사용되었으므로 과거형 시제가 와야한다

-> lie - lay - lain, lay가 정답

 

2. The kids didn't tell to her truth when she asked who had made the mess in the kitchen (X)

-> tell은 타동사. tell to는 잘못된 표현.

- 자동사 : speak to, talk to  / 타동사 : tell, say

 

# 기타등등

- 전치사 뒤에 to부정사는 올 수 없다

- 2형식 동사의 보어자리에는 부사가 올 수 없다. (보어자리에는 [명사-동격 / 형용사-부연설명] 만 올 수 있다)

(2형식 동사: be, become, get, remain, look, seem, feel, smell 등..)

- to 부정사를 목적격 보어로 취하는 5형식 동사는 목적격 보어로 동사원형이 올 수 없다

(to부정사를 취하는 5형식: allow, expect, force, want, ask, remind 등..)

- 사역동사는 [동사원형/과거분사형] 만 받을 수 있다

(사역동사: make, have, let 등..)